Racial Segregation And The United States - 2133 Words

In the United States, inequalities are an unfortunate evil that resonate throughout low-income individuals and minorities. Though these problems are sometimes viewed as coincidences, in the past and even in the present, there have been legislation put in place that have negatively affected specific populations in the US. Because of the injustices in the system socially constructed ideologies about race, ethnicity, and poverty, and our lacking health care system, many people experience inequalities in health. One of the biggest factors that has affected minority and low-income populations is residential segregation. An article by Boustan defines residential segregation as â€Å"the separation of racial groups in urban space.† Residential†¦show more content†¦Many factors influence why and how residential segregation occurs in our neighborhoods. This literature review will focus on topics surrounding the history of residential segregation, the effects on health through local, state, and national residential segregation as well as its influence on our nation’s school system. Before diving into the present effects of residential segregation, it’s vital that the history behind it is understood as well. An article by McGrew points out, that in the year 1990, â€Å"11% of the population in 100 of the largest cities in the United States lived in neighborhoods of extreme poverty, compared to 5% in 1970† (McGrew, 1997). After World War I, the demand for workers in large cities caused a large migration of southern blacks into the line of industrial work. The large influx created racial tension and city officials began promoting racial divisions by supporting segregation and discrimination in housing, employment, and social services. The introduction of zoning laws in the US also separated communities even further. After the end of the war, the government believed that home ownership could bring on new ideas of economic and political freedom. The concept of suburban neighborhoods were born to segregate from the harshness of industrial cities, but st ill provide relative closeness to services and employment opportunities. Unfortunately, these wonderful neighborhoods created to provide a new lifestyle to American citizens

Storming the Beaches Early Land Vertebrates

LIBOR Scandal and Subprime Mortgage Meltdown Who Benefits from the Manipulation of LIBOR Free Essay Example, 1000 words

As a leader, how should you respond when you know that your competitors are cheating? How should you respond when you think regulators are asking you to cheat? Barclays could not have achieved manipulating the LIBOR without the carelessness of the regulatory authorities. The swap traders of Barclays had also facilitated altering the LIBOR rates. Investigation into the case clearly revealed that the company had undergone a planned manipulation. The administrative authorities should have monitored the activities of traders and ensured that they do not manipulate the settings so as to gain greater profits. The concerns raised by NY Fed had already made the banks quite aware of the facts related to the manner in which LIBOR could have been manipulated. Barclay s senior executives and Bob should not have ignored the matter and should have imposed measures to regulate the banks activities (Prado and Rawlinson 111). Barclay s traders were tempted to report wrong LIBOR rates as the firms competitors were also seen to engage in reporting artificially low rates of borrowing. However as responsible leaders, manipulation is not the way to deal with investments made in different types of assets and enhance the overall level of the firm acquiring different types of competition. The company could have procured different types of capital market derivative instruments to mitigate the risks arising out of the loss of revenues due to competitor policies (Koblenz, Labbate and Turner 4). We will write a custom essay sample on LIBOR Scandal and Subprime Mortgage Meltdown: Who Benefits from the Manipulation of LIBOR or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now When NY Fed raised concerns regarding the manipulation of LIBOR rates, most of the banks were seen to keep silent indicating their deep vested interests in engaging in LIBOR alterations. If Barclays and other banks had supported the concerns presented in respect of LIBOR violation, the scandal could have been prevented. The heavy fine and the resigning of Bob might serve as important lessons for other firms to decline themselves from participating in such activities (Dooley 565).

Essay about The Importance of Academic Integrity - 1278 Words

Introduction On a research paper, how much information can you â€Å"borrow† with or without citing the original author? How do you cite the resources you â€Å"borrowed† or quoted from the original author? Will anyone know if you submit a friend’s research paper? No one can see you taking an online test from your living room – should that change how you take a test? Who is hurt by academic dishonesty? Who cares if you steal test answers, falsify experimental data, cheat on an exam, or download information from a web site and turn it in as your own work? To take an easy example, would you want to be operated on by a doctor who cheated his way through medical school? Or would you feel comfortable on a bridge designed by an engineer who†¦show more content†¦The principle of academic integrity stretches beyond the limits of a classroom. Good students are honest with themselves, their professors, their roommates, and their community. Academic integrity is the pursuit of scholarly activity in an open, honest and responsible manner. All students should act with personal integrity, respect other students dignity, rights and property, and help create and maintain an environment in which all can succeed through the fruits of their efforts. -- www.psu.edu/ufs/policies/47-00.html#49-20 As part of student learning experience student will have a number of assignments to complete. Assignments are designed to help student learning and understanding of their subject by requiring student to demonstrate, through the completion of an assessment task, how well you have engaged with and understood the material you have studied. Assessment tasks will vary from subject to subject and can range from problem-solving to reporting on experimental data to the development and presentation of coherent and cogent arguments. It is expected that in producing an assignment, student may need to read and gather information from a range of sources including books, journals, official reports, newspapers or material from the Internet as well as ideas generated in discussion with colleagues and other students. When presenting the assignment on a topic it is really important to do: †¢ Must take fullShow MoreRelatedImportance Of Academic Integrity Essay728 Words   |  3 Pagesthe online Oxford English Dictionary, integrity is the â€Å"soundness of moral principle; the character of uncorrupted virtue, esp. in relation to truth and fair dealing; uprightness, honesty, sincerity.† How does the dictionary definition of integrity apply to personal thoughts on academic integrity and the importance and impact of such? It provides a firm starting point for the effective communication of ideas (or ideals, in this instance). Academic integrity may mean different things to differentRead MoreReflective Paper959 Words   |  4 PagesImportance of Academic Honesty your name Class number Date Instructor Name Importance of Academic Honesty This paper will explain the importance of academic honesty in students’ life. â€Å"Academic honesty means the performance of all academic work without cheating, lying, dishonesty of any kind, getting any unauthorized assistance and favors from anyone† (Valdosta State University). Academic honesty helps to motivate students to become better human beings. It is very important aspect ofRead MoreAcademic Integrity 141289 Words   |  6 Pagesmeaning and importance of ‘Academic Integrity’ in assignment completed by undergraduate students. Introduction On a research paper, how much information can you â€Å"borrow† with or without citing the original author?   How do you cite the resources you â€Å"borrowed† or quoted from the original author?   Will anyone know if you submit a friend’s research paper?   No one can see you taking an online test from your living room – should that change how you take a test?   Who is hurt by academic dishonestyRead MoreWhy Academic Integrity Is Important For The Classroom Of Today s Society1343 Words   |  6 PagesAcademic Integrity is a value that many students, from high school to college, do not take serious; however, it should be taken more serious by these future scholars. Academics are a very important part of today society. Next we have Integrity, an aspect that I believe our society should value more. With the changing times and technology becoming more sophisticated, students are finding it easier and easier to cheat on homework and other important assignments and in most cases they get away withRead MoreAcademic Success : A Student1251 Words   |  6 Pages5 Academic Success Academic Success Tamara Thornton GEN/201 10/29/2015 Cheryl Jiles Academic Success As a student strive to move forward academic success and excellence, I will outline and discuss four major topics which are essential for any student to realize in order to achieve success in the field. Each topic will be briefly described with further two support points in favor of each underneath. The point is to explain what can propel a student toward realizing educationalRead MoreContinuing Academic Success1112 Words   |  5 PagesContinuing Academic Success Continuing Academic Success is extremely important to those who plan to make advancements in their chosen career fields. It provides the opportunity to keep current with ideas, techniques, and advancements that are being made in their area of employment. We will address the importance of setting achievable goals, the importance of learning styles in academic success and the validity of ethics and academic integrity in helping to achieve continuing academic and professionalRead MoreAcademic Honesty - Essay 31242 Words   |  5 PagesIn reading and researching the topic of academic honesty and integrity I have found that there are varying views on what is considered cheating, and that cheating occurs in all academic levels and fields of study. Interestingly business students do not believe that cheating is as serious as students in other fields. I also found that there are many parties that are responsible for teaching students why academic honesty and integrity are so important. The key to teaching this important value is toRead MorePersonal Reflection : The Definition Of Academic Integrity773 Words   |  4 PagesIntegrity is defined in the Webster dictionary as â€Å"the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles† or as â€Å"moral uprightness†. To me, integrity is basically just having a strong sense of morals. A person with integrity is someone who strives to do the best they can and is â€Å"whole† in character. With this being said, I feel that integrity is not just one certain trait, it is a combination of many traits in one. For example, honesty, trustworthiness, virtues, good intentions, etc. areRead MoreIs Integrity Ethical And Ethical Standards?986 Words   |  4 PagesIntegrity is the personal choice to be honest and hold oneself to moral and ethical standards. People of high integrity exhibit social conscious and compel themslelves to be truthful in their personal and professional responsibilities (Killinger, 2014). Integrity is a valued characteristic in nearly every society. People who act with integrity are well liked, and enjoy positive outcomes through having strong relationships with others. (Peterson, 2004) These relationships are successful becauseRead MoreEssay on Turnitin: Hypocrisy of Its Own1277 Words   |  6 PagesOver the centuries, teachers and professors all have had a problem with academic dishonesty. The advancement in technology has made plagiarizing so much easier, and because of this, many professors have resorted to using software programs which detects any sort of plagiarism. One popular program many professors are enforcing their students to use is Turnitin.com. When a paper is submitted into Turnitin, the program compares it to previous submitted essays saved in its database and the content available

1993 Apush Essay Free Essays

APUSH Essay Even though the Chesapeake Bay Colonies and New England Colonies would share ethnic roots they would differ greatly in their development. With New England’s society centered on religion and Chesapeake Bay’s around profit both came to the new world with their own intentions. Other aspects in which these societies differed was in economy and social structure. We will write a custom essay sample on 1993 Apush Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now However regardless of differences and similarities both colonies would find their own way to thrive. When it comes to religion, the colony of New England was influenced to a much greater degree than Chesapeake Bay. Their whole reason for being there was because of religion. The main religious group in New England was the Puritans. The strict aspects of the Puritan way of life made the colony a very stable place to live. In comparison to the Chesapeake Bay Colonies where religion did not play a very big part there was not much political stability. The sect of Christianity practiced by the Chesapeake colonists was the Anglican Church. The Anglican Church was not nearly as strict or influencing on life as the Puritans’ practice. Without a strict set of rules in place from religion the only time the Chesapeake Bay colonies would enjoy stability in its early days would be under the military like rule from James Cook. The reason why religion usually would bring stability would be from the moral code embedded inside the teachings of the bible. From this people were able to humble themselves resulting in a stable society. Stability would eventually come to the Chesapeake Bay once it would become a royal colony. In addition to this tobacco would also become a major staple product for the Chesapeake Bay. Overall religion would be a bigger player in the development of New England as a colony. Economy was very different in both respective colonies. Economy in New England would be very simple. Mainly family units would each have their own farm in which they would become self sufficient on. On top of this there would also be small local and international trade among New Englanders. Early on in the Chesapeake Bay colony was not very expansive. With a little bit of local trading with Indians the Chesapeake Bay colony would not have a big export until James Rolfe would bring tobacco to the colony. Tobacco would have a great impact on colony life. With the Crop being a very profitable export the plant would soon dominate the economy there. Soon however as exports increased the price would decrease the market would deflate. The tobacco market would breathe life into the Chesapeake Bay and also increase the amount of slaves needed to support the demand. Economy in both colonies although different would both manage to flourish in their own way. Social structure was also very distinct in both colonies. For instance Jamestown of Chesapeake Bay‘s population consisted mainly males upon its founding. Throughout its life men were discouraged to arrive in family units because of its harsh conditions. Also a hostile attitude towards Indian populations also stopped population in the colony to be self replenishing. Also altering its early development was the attitude of work from early settlers. Original settlers were of higher class and had distaste towards manual labor. Settlers would eventually grow past its original misgivings on manual labor and find economic stability from tobacco. In order to feed the labor needed to keep up with the tobacco industry indentured servants and then eventually African Slaves would find its place as a social class. Politically, the House of Burgesses was a form of self representative government in the colony of Virginia. Social Structure in New England was a bit more commonplace. Arriving in family units was much less discouraged and many small towns would pop up. With very local government life in New England was very structured. Family decisions were made by the father due to the patriarchal social structure. The big differences in social structure were very evident in American Colonial society. Overall despite their roots the Chesapeake Bay colony and New England were completely distinct societies complete with their own economies, religions and economy. Living life in both colonies offered a different culture unique to its area. In the end both would attribute to the diversity in life found on the east coast of colonial America How to cite 1993 Apush Essay, Essay examples

Prostitution Essay Example For Students

Prostitution Essay Historical approaches to regulation Historically, although Prostitution Essay has been viewed as a threat to the moral order and a danger to public health, the state has tended to legislate for the regulation of prostitution, rather than introducing measures focussed on its elimination. Even early Christian societies did not seek to eliminate prostitution, with the Church fathers justifying this stance by asserting that Sewers are necessary to guarantee the wholesomeness of palaces. (quoted by de Beauvoir, 1974, 618). St Augustine was adamant that prostitution should be recognised as a necessary social evil, arguing, Suppress prostitution and capricious lusts will overthrow society. (cited in Roberts, 1992, 61). His stance was predicated on a belief in mens sexual appetites necessitating access to sexual outlets outside of marriage. In order to prevent them committing adultery and threatening their marriages, society should facilitate mens access to prostitutes. It follows from St Augustines argument that two separate classes of women were required good, virtuous, sexually faithful wives to service mens procreative needs within marriage, and prostitutes who would cater to their desires and pleasures outside of marriage. Such thinking views prostitution as a necessary social evil, and reinforces the madonna/whore dichotomy. Given the fact that mens demand for prostitution services has not abated through the ages, the historic response has been to continue to seek its regulation and control rather than its eradication. For instance, in medieval England and Europe the preferred way of regulating prostitution was to restrict prostitutes to working in certain districts and/or requiring that they dress in particular, identifiable, styles. Thus in Paris, prostitutes were confined to working in brothels in particular areas of the town and were required to wear armbands, dye their hair, ;or in other ways distinguish themselves from respectable society matrons; (Bullough and Bullough, 1987, 125). Women who violated such codes of behaviour could find themselves expelled from that district, literally being run out of town. Confining the sex industry to specifically designated areas was also seen as economically advantageous in that it enabled municipal councils to share in the profits (Roberts, 1992, 90). By the 17th century the practice of visiting prostitutes was so widespread that guidebooks to brothels were being produced and men could claim visits to prostitutes on their tax returns (Philip, 1991, 22). Prostitution continued to flourish so that by the 1860s Henry Mayhew estimated there to be over 80,000 women working as prostitutes in London how many men were their clients we have no idea. It is clearly evident that the dominant state response to prostitution has been to seek its regulation and control rather than its elimination. A study of the international sex industry today, however, reveals that the ways of achieving such regulation differ markedly, both between and within nations. Thus in the United States areas of minimal regulation exist alongside states with highly interventionist policies. Significant differences also exist in how European governments have sought to control prostitution. The measures adopted range from the legalised red-light districts of Hamburg to the tolerance of window prostitution in Amsterdam and the arresting of male clients in Sweden. Closer to home, across the Tasman in Australia there are distinct differences in the ways state governments view and attempt to regulate the sex industry. These will be examined later in this section. Contemporary approaches to regulation There are four principal approaches that states have adopted internationally with regard to the regulation of prostitution. Each of these is briefly presented below. Criminalisation This approach makes prostitution an illegal offence for both the client and sex worker, and in so doing seeks to reduce or eliminate the sex industry. This option appeals to many who are opposed to prostitution on moral, religious or feminist political grounds, but has seldom been seriously implemented because such laws tend simply to drive prostitution underground, producing undesirable health and safety consequences. Criminalisation of the clients Some countries have sought to remove the double standard by introducing legislation that penalises the clients rather than the sex workers. The proponents of this measure often hope that by targeting the demand side of the sex industry, they may reduce or eliminate it altogether. Need Potential Of Ireland Essay As a result, crimes associated with illegal prostitution often go unreported and without punishment. Although enforcement of illegal prostitution exhausts a great amount of time, some citizens feel that the time is .

Causes and Impact of Falling Oil Prices

Question: Write an essay onsupply and demand of oil. Answer: Introduction: Since the 1990s the oil industry with its varying trends in demand and supply is at its biggest downturn. The dramatic fall in oil prices lately has left economic forecasters worried about the future growth of economies. The fall in oil prices had been affecting the different sections of the economy including consumers, producers, exporters and the governments. The fall in oil prices went through different phases. In June 2014 a barrel of Brent crude would cost $110, which dropped to $60 in 2015 and in recent time it just cost $33, which implies a tremendous decline. The demand and supply side factors: The factors that contributed to this tremendous decline of oil prices were from both demand and supply sides, though the supply side factors is considered to have had a bigger impact on this fall. Now if we consider the demand side, then we see that the European economies and the developing countries are weak with the vehicles becoming more energy efficient, hence resulting in slight fall in demand for fuel but demand is also seen to be growing in the United States. The entire fall in prices cannot be because of this the marginal fall in demand and there are supply side reasons which contribute substantially towards this fall in prices of oil. The higher supply of oil resulted from the formations of non- OPEC developments like the US shale oil and the more than expected output from Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Libya whereas on the other side there was less than the expected demand from Europe and Asia. Prices fell more quickly (by 20%) when OPEC in November decided to not to curtail the ma rket supply of oil and in effect the markets changed their opinions regarding the oil supply by OPEC in the future. The method of hydraulic fracturing and other technologies had made it possible to access inaccessible energy reserves and hence increasing significantly supplies in the North America. According to the prevailing data, in recent times USA and Canadas oil production has increased by more than five million more barrels of oil each day which has its significant effects on the price of oil. The North American production has growth about 38% more than the total oil demand growth. As per the revisions of International Energy Agency forecasts it suggest that the unexpected fall in demand accounts for only 20-35% of the fall in price, hence the rest of the impact is due to the tremendous rise in supply. Saudi Arabia can curb the supply but the benefits will be experienced by countries like Iran and Russia which they do not want to happen. Hence, the not so substantial fall in d emand of oil and the rising supply of oil has contributed to the falling prices of oil. Impact on the huge oil importing and exporting countries: The falling oil price has effects on both exporters importers of oil. India and China is considered to be the biggest importers of oil and hence falling oil prices has positive effects on the theses energy intensive economies. China and India has already taken advantage of the falling oil prices to reduce their domestic oil subsidies and also increasing their oil related taxes to support public finances. Falling oil prices acts benefits India by helping improve macroeconomic budget and fiscal managements through improvement on factors like inflation, current account deficit and fiscal deficit. 30% of Indias imports constitute of oil, hence fall in oil prices help sustain domestic prices of oil products. China and India being largest importers falling oil prices increases the real income and hence consumption, along with decrease in the cost of production of goods and in turn on investment and profit. There are also positive effects on the rate of inflation. On the other side there ar e also likely downturns related to businesses and companies and how they operate after huge fall in oil prices leading to shutting down of many oil projects. Oil exporters depend more on oil being more concentrated across countries. For countries such as Saudi Arabia and Iran who are large exporters of oil net export revenues fall which slows down GDP growth. Iran was on a pace to grow in years when the fall in oil prices hit which reduced revenues for the country. It needs the oil price to rise to at least $100 barrel to balance the countrys budget. Saudi Arabia has large reserve funds of about 750 billion USD for financing its deficits; hence the current price levels might not be disastrous for the country in the short run. However in the longer run, it needs the oil prices at least to be $80 per barrel. Low oil prices will generate socio economic disturbances in the Gulf States whose ripple effect will be felt in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia can easily cut back on supply to increas e prices, but their present strategy is to sacrifice the price and maintain their market share simultaneously force the US shale oil producers and Canada oil producers out of the market. Impact on usa and indonesia: Lower oil prices for the US economy is considered to be beneficial for the consumers as there expenditure on oil consumption falls but the losses are felt by energy companies who cut back on investment who lay off workers slowing down economic activity. Moreover the increase in production of oil by the country has changed how oil prices affect the country incurring losses to energy producers as reliance on imports for oil has significantly decreased for the country. The negative effects on the energy sector happen immediately whereas the positive effects on the consumers occur with time. Similarly decrease in oil prices affect Indonesia through fall in export revenues. But it will also encourage Indonesias current account deficit. The government also recalculated the amount of subsidized fuel prices, hence reducing fuel subsidies and increasing spending on other sectors, whereas the consumers also enjoy lower fuel prices. There are a number of sectors or businesses who benefit from the falling oil prices. These include the retail sector which depend upon consumer spending since demand for products increases as consumers save from fall in oil prices provided they spend those savings on retail goods, automobile companies also make profits as oil prices fall the demand for automobiles increases helping auto-makers sell cars more easily increasing revenues and profits, the transportation industry also experiences a boost as falling oil prices makes transportations cost fall which also helps shipping companies to curb transportation costs. There are also the travelling agencies or travel related industries and airlines who make more profits as with money in their pockets people take more trips outside. On the other hand we also have the industries or companies which turn out to be the losers due to fall in oil prices. There are oil service companies which make fewer sales and have to cut back on production due to falling oil prices. As these companies reduce output they also lay off workers or stop hiring workers hence increasing unemployment. Unemployment in turn then reduces the wages of already employed workers as there are many workers who can be replaced for them at lower wages. There are also the manufacturers and the industrial companies who face losses along with the oil companies as they are responsible for the supply of materials used to build and expand several oil drilling operations. Due to fall in oil prices, oil producers do not undertake new projects and cut back on production, which affect manufacturing industries that of steel, machinery, heavy equipments and other machine parts. On the other hand there are also financial companies who feel the pinch. During the times of high oil prices, more capital investment flurried for extracting expensive and difficult to produce oil. Lower prices hinge this which makes financial institutions or regional banks experience the e ffect. Conclusion: Hence we saw the various causes as well as the effects of the continuous falling oil prices. We can say that this fall can be easily curbed if countries producing oil hinge supply of oil leading to rise in prices. But countries exporting oil have tendencies of increasing supplies further during fall in prices. Adding to that countries like Saudi Arabia who contribute to the majority export share of oil in the world, is not reducing oil supply to maintain its market share and make new oil producers like that of shale oil producers of the USA to leave the market. Thus, in between these strategic affairs, there are the consumers who experience the falling oil prices and benefit at a time lag and there are the producers, investors, manufacturing industries who are at greater loss facing falling prices, reducing output and losing profit. Workers in turn also suffer as output is reduced and companies stop hiring or fire workers increasing unemployment and curbing economic growth. Hence one obvious fact we observe is that there are too many players in the market which results to excessive supply pushing down prices. To drive up prices, some players should either leave the market or the supply should reduce enough for prices to rise again. References: Mankiw, G 2007, Economics: principles and applications, Cengage learning, New Delhi. Ramady, M Mahdi, W 2015, OPEC in a shale oil world:where to next?, Springer international publishing, Switzerland. Plumer, B 2016, Why crude oil prices keep falling and falling, viewed on 19 May 2016. The economist, 2014, Why the oil price is falling, viewed on 19 May 2016. Husain, A, Arezki,R Breuer, P, Haksar, V, Helbling, T, Medas, P, Sommer, M, IMF team, 2015 Krauss, C 2016,Oil prices explained: signs of a modest revival, viewed on 19 May 2016. Silverstein, K 2015, How falling oil prices will impact economy, viewed 19 May 2016. Arezki, R Blanchard, O 2014, Seven questions about the recent oil price slump, viewed 19 May 2016. com, 2016, Falling oil prices may lead to regime change in Saudi Russia, viewed 19 May 2016. Yudha, S 2015, Low oil prices: impacts for Indonesia, viewed 19 May 2016. McCain, B 2015, The facts behind oils price collapse, viewed 19 May 2016.